The following describes the techniques that may be needed for the resuscitation of an unconscious child aged between one year and puberty. When treating a child, always approach and treat her from the same side, kneeling down next to the head or chest. You will then be in the correct position to carry out all the different stages of resuscitation: opening the airway, checking to breathe, and giving rescue breaths and chest compressions (together known as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR) At each stage you will have decisions to make, for example, is the child breathing? The steps are given here tell you what to do next. Your first priority is…
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FIRST AID – SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CPR
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CPR How to CPR is There are circumstances when it may be more difficult to deliver CPR; for example, a casualty may have a chemical around the mouth, in which case you can give rescue breaths through the nose [opposite]. Occasionally, a casualty may breathe through a hole in the front of the neck – a stoma -[opposite]. You can also use a pocket mask or face shield when giving rescue breaths. If you have help, one person can perform full cycles of CPR for two minutes, then a second person can take over. Continue to swap every two minutes. PROBLEMS WITH RESCUE BREATHING If a casualty’s…
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HOW TO MANAGING UNCONSCIOUS ADULTS
Here we describe techniques for the management of an unconscious adult who may require resuscitation. Always approach and treat the casualty from the side, kneeling down next to his head or chest. You will then be in the correct position to perform all the stages of resuscitation: opening the airway; checking to breathe and giving chest compressions and rescue breaths (together called cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR) At each stage in the process you will have decisions to make, for example, is casualty breathing? The steps are given here tell you what to do next. The first priority is to open the casualty’s airway so that he can breathe or you…
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FIRST AID – THE UNCONSCIOUS CASUALTY
To stay alive we need an adequate supply of oxygen to enter the lungs and be transferred to all cells in the body by the circulating blood. If a person is deprived of oxygen for any length of time, the brain will begin to fail. As a result, the casualty will eventually lose consciousness, breathing will cease. the heart will stop and death results. The airway must be kept open so that breathing can occur, allowing oxygen to enter the lungs and be circulated in the body. Therefore, the priority of a first aider when treating any collapsed casualty is to establish an open airway and maintain breathing and circulation.…
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FIRST AID – How to check casualty when treating
How to check casualty when treating. MONITORING VITAL SIGNS When treating a casualty, you may need to assess and monitor his level of response. breathing, and pulse, This information can help you to identify problems and indicate changes in a casualty’s condition. Monitoring should be repeated regularly, and your findings recorded and handed over to the medical assistance taking over In addition, if a casualty has a condition that affects his body temperature. such as fever, heatstroke, or hypothermia, you Will also need to monitor his temperature, LEVEL OF RESPONSE You need to monitor a casualty’s level of response to assess her level of consciousness and any change in her…
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FIRST AID – Assessing the Casualty
SECONDARY SURVEYS LOOK FOR EXTERNAL CLUES FOR CASUALTY As part of your Assessing the Casualty, “How to check casualty for injury?” look for external clues to a casualty’s condition. If you suspect drug abuse, take care as he may be carrying needles and syringes. You may find an appointment card for a hospital or clinic or a card indicating a history of allergy, diabetes, or epilepsy horse-riders or cyclists may carry such a card inside their riding hat or helmet. Food or medication may also give valuable clues about the casualty’s condition; for example, people with diabetes may carry sugar lumps or glucose gel. A person with a known disorder…
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INTRODUCTION SECONDARY SURVEY OF THREATENING
SECONDARY SURVEY Once you have completed the primary survey and dealt with any life-threatening conditions, start the SECONDARY SURVEY for the methodical process of checking for other injuries or illnesses by performing a head-to-toe examination. This is called the secondary survey. Question the casualty and the people around him. Makea note of your findings if you can, and pass all the details to the emergency services or hospital, or whoever takes responsibility for the casualty. Ideally, the casualty should remain in the position found, at least until you are satisfied that it is safe to move him into a more comfortable position appropriate for his injury or illness. This survey…